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Showing posts from October, 2020

What are dark matter ?

        A lot of people have noted that astronomy is a humbling enterprise to pursue. After all, every time we make a new discovery, we find ourselves further removed from importance. The Earth is but one planet among many, orbiting a sun that is one star among hundreds of billions, out in the suburbs of a galaxy that is one among hundreds of billions more. It's easy to feel pretty small when you see all that magnificence out there. And every astronomers keep making it worse ! Because now we know that what we can see isn't even everything there is. Normal matter, the stuff that makes up you and me and all we observe in the universe ? That's only a small fraction of what's actually out there. It's time we talk about some very very dark matters . What are dark matters?    In the 1960s and 1970s , astronomer Vera Rubin was observing spiral galaxies. She was interested in how they rotate, because you can learn a lot about a galaxy that way. Think about the sol...

What are aromatic hydrocarbons ?

 INTRODUCTION            Aromatic compounds are regarded as the class of organic compounds which resemble benzene in their chemical characteristics. Many of the aromatic compounds posses fragment odour 'aroma'  . In fact the term aromatic is somehow associated with chemical stability. The stable character of aromatic compound is attributed to the presence of a ring structure specific of benzene. All aromatic compounds generally contain one or more benzene rings in their molecules. As naphthalene, anthracene, etc. are also aromatic compounds, those are often called arenes and benzene and its derivatives are called Benzenoids . There are a number of cyclic compounds which do not contain a benzene ring but are still aromatic in nature. Such compounds are called non-benzenoids. Like the aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds also include hydrocarbons, hydroxy compounds, aldehydes, ketones, acids etc.  Nomenclature of Aromatic compounds -: here ?...