What is the role of language in communication ?

What is  the language in communication?

1. Verbal-: Spoken and Written 

Language of communication - Language is the medium of effective communication or self expression in all spheres of human life. Communication is not possible without language . So human civilization is a contribution of language . Communication involving language as a means is called verbal or linguistic communication . Verbal communication can be spoken or written. Anything other than spoken or written can be considered as non verbal communication . Verbal communication and non-verbal communication go hand in hand . It is always better to reinforce verbal communication with the help of non-verbal communication .

         Language may be thought of as the code, the system of symbols, utilized in the construction of verbal message . Language may be defined as a specialised productive system capable of displacement . From this point of view verbal communication can be analysed with its six characteristics .

(1) Specialisation and production-: Language is a specialised communication system and it produces creative responses and learned utterance . Introduction of new words is another dimension of productivity.

(2) Displacement -: Human language can be used to talk about things that are remote in both time and space. One can talk about the past and the future as easily as the present.

(3) Rapid fading -: Speech sounds fade rapidly . They are short lived . They must be received immediately after they are emitted or else they will not be received at all .

(4) Arbitrariness -: Language signals are arbitrary.  They don't possess any physical properties or characteristics for which they stand . Names are largely arbitrary . There are no relationship between the name and individuals .

Verbal communication can be discussed under two categories like oral and written communication .
Oral communication - Face to Face conversations; Telephonic talks; Interviews; Speeches; Seminars; Conferences; Video tapes; Voice mails .
Written communication - Letters; Notices; E-mails; Faxes; Memos; Circulars; Reports; SMS.

-: Advantages of verbal communication 

(i) Speed -: The fastest why to impart information is verbal communication. Once contact begins , there is no time gap between transmission and reception of the message. 

(i) Clarity -: The transmitted message when not understood properly, can immediately be clarified when asked, when clarification is asked, the communicator. 

(iii) Flexibility -: Verbal communication is flexible and new information can be quickly assimilated and used. 

-: Disadvantages of verbal communication 

1. Articulation -: Both the participants need to articulate in verbal communication.  They must also share the same language otherwise proper communication is not possible. 

2. Speed -: Luck of time for planning and coordination is not possible in verbal communication.

3.:Lack of reliability -: Verbal contacts are valid as per law. But they are not as valid and reliable as paper or written communication.

2. Non-verbal communication :

Introduction -: The process of communication involves the sending and receiving of messages through words as well as without words. The outcome of the communication determines the meaning of verbal and non-verbal message. It is clear that we don't communicate to others but with them. So communication may be viewed both as a process and product with the goal of sharing a common idea. Non-verbal communication is the most basic, gestures, facial expressions and attitudes that enable people to communicate without words are non-verbal forms of communication. Non-verbal communication differs from verbal communication in fundamental ways. For example it is less structured, and hence more difficult to study. 

Importance of non-verbal communication :

-: Non-verbal communication is important for a variety of reasons. 

-: Non-verbal or verbal factors are the major determinants of meaning in the interpersonal context. 

-: Feelings and emotions are more accurately exchanged by non verbal rather than verbal means. 

-: The non-verbal aspect of communication conveys meanings and intentions that are relatively free of deception distortion and confusion.
-: Non-verbal cues serve meta communicative functions that are indispensable in attaining high quality communication.
-: Non-verbal communication can represent a much more efficient means of communication then verbal cues.

There are several types of non-verbal communication. These may be classified as
(i) proxeanics, (ii) Kinesics, (iii) Aaptics,  (iv) Chronemics,  (v) Paralinguistics

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